{"id":5656,"date":"2020-09-14T10:36:07","date_gmt":"2020-09-14T10:36:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gkscientist.com\/?p=5656"},"modified":"2023-07-11T13:26:35","modified_gmt":"2023-07-11T13:26:35","slug":"crystalline-and-amorphous-solids","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gkscientist.com\/crystalline-and-amorphous-solids\/","title":{"rendered":"Crystalline And Amorphous Solids"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_65 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-light-blue ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-662d71a9457af\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-662d71a9457af\"  aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/gkscientist.com\/crystalline-and-amorphous-solids\/#Crystalline_And_Amorphous_Solids\" title=\"Crystalline And Amorphous Solids:\">Crystalline And Amorphous Solids:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/gkscientist.com\/crystalline-and-amorphous-solids\/#Solid_State\" title=\"Solid State:\">Solid State:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/gkscientist.com\/crystalline-and-amorphous-solids\/#Classification_of_Solids\" title=\"Classification of Solids:\">Classification of Solids:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/gkscientist.com\/crystalline-and-amorphous-solids\/#Crystalline_Solids\" title=\"Crystalline Solids:\">Crystalline Solids:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/gkscientist.com\/crystalline-and-amorphous-solids\/#Amorphous_Solids\" title=\"Amorphous Solids:\">Amorphous Solids:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Crystalline_And_Amorphous_Solids\"><\/span>Crystalline And Amorphous Solids:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"350\" height=\"270\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/gkscientist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Crystalline-And-Amorphous-Solids.jpg?resize=350%2C270&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Crystalline And Amorphous Solids\" class=\"wp-image-7924\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/gkscientist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Crystalline-And-Amorphous-Solids.jpg?w=350&amp;ssl=1 350w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/gkscientist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Crystalline-And-Amorphous-Solids.jpg?resize=300%2C231&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Solid_State\"><\/span>Solid State:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The most ordered state of matter in which the constituent particles (atoms, ions, or molecules) are packed as closely as possible due to which solids are rigid and have definite shape and volume.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Classification_of_Solids\"><\/span>Classification of Solids:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The various types of solids are classified into following two types depending upon the arrangement of constituent particles-<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Crystalline_Solids\"><\/span>Crystalline Solids:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>A solid is said to be crystalline if its constituent particles (i.e. ions, atoms, or molecules) are arranged in a definite geometric pattern in three-dimensional space so that there is a short-range as well as long-range order of the constituent particles. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>The constituent particles in a crystal have no<strong> transitional motion<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>The crystalline substances possess<strong> sharp melting points<\/strong>. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>In crystalline substances, properties like <strong>electrical conductivity<\/strong>, <strong>refractive index<\/strong>, <strong>thermal expansion<\/strong>, etc. have different values in different directions. This type of behavior is called <strong>Anisotropy<\/strong>. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>The crystalline solids on being cut with a knife give clean cleavage. Example- <strong>NaCl<\/strong>, <strong>KCl<\/strong>, <strong>CuSO<sub>4<\/sub><\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Amorphous_Solids\"><\/span>Amorphous Solids:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>A solid is said to be amorphous if there is no regular arrangement of its constituent particles or at the most, there is only a short-range order of its constituent particles. Example- <strong>Rubber<\/strong>, <strong>Glass<\/strong>, <strong>Pitch<\/strong>, <strong>Fused Silica<\/strong>, etc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>The amorphous substances melt gradually over the temperature range. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>In amorphous substances, properties like <strong>electrical conductivity<\/strong>, <strong>refractive index<\/strong>, <strong>thermal expansion<\/strong>, etc., are identical in all directions just as in the case of gases, liquids. This property is called <strong>Isotropy<\/strong>. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>On cutting with a knife, they give irregular surface.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Uses-<\/strong> Amorphous solids such as glass and plastics are very important materials and are widely used in construction, houseware, laboratory ware, etc. <strong>Amorphous silica<\/strong> is likely to be the best material for converting sunlight into electricity (photovoltaic).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed aligncenter is-type-wp-embed is-provider-gk-scientist wp-block-embed-gk-scientist\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"co6MTl8uQV\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gkscientist.com\/solid-waste-management\/\">Solid Waste Management<\/a><\/blockquote><iframe class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Solid Waste Management&#8221; &#8212; GK SCIENTIST\" src=\"https:\/\/gkscientist.com\/solid-waste-management\/embed\/#?secret=WZCLovmOib#?secret=co6MTl8uQV\" data-secret=\"co6MTl8uQV\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/gkscientist.com\/download-ias-prelims-general-studies-old-paper\/\">Download IAS Prelims Old Paper<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/gkscientist.com\/download-upsc-ias-mains-general-studies-old-papers\/\">Download IAS Mains Old Paper<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/gkscientist.com\/cds-exam-old-papers\/\">Download CDS Exam Old Paper<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/gkscientist.com\/capf-exam-old-papers\/\">Download CAPF Exam Old Paper<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/gkscientist.com\/nda-exam-old-papers\/\">Download NDA Exam Old Paper<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/gkscientist.com\/upsc-cms-examination-old-papers\/\">Download CMS Exam Old Paper<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/gkscientist.com\/booklist-for-upsc-ias-prelims\/\">Must-Read General Studies Booklist for UPSC IAS Prelims<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/gkscientist.com\/booklist-for-upsc-ias-prelims-in-hindi\/\">Must-Read General Studies Booklist for UPSC IAS Prelims in Hindi<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1TcRREMm95dZ52I3iAFgVsN_dS7uERMpl\/view?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\">Carbon and its Compounds<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Crystalline And Amorphous Solids: Solid State: The most ordered state of matter in which the constituent particles (atoms, ions, or molecules) are packed as closely as possible due to which solids are rigid and have definite shape and volume. Classification of Solids: The various types of solids are classified into following two types depending upon the arrangement of constituent particles- Crystalline Solids: Amorphous Solids:<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7924,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5896],"tags":[9731,347,9734,9733,9732],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/gkscientist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Crystalline-And-Amorphous-Solids.jpg?fit=350%2C270&ssl=1","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gkscientist.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5656"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gkscientist.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gkscientist.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gkscientist.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gkscientist.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5656"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/gkscientist.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5656\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gkscientist.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7924"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gkscientist.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5656"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gkscientist.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5656"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gkscientist.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5656"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}