{"id":93292,"date":"2022-09-22T08:21:56","date_gmt":"2022-09-22T08:21:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gkscientist.com\/?p=93292"},"modified":"2022-09-22T08:53:14","modified_gmt":"2022-09-22T08:53:14","slug":"ac-generator-or-dynamo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gkscientist.com\/ac-generator-or-dynamo\/","title":{"rendered":"AC Generator or Dynamo"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_65 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-light-blue ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-662c9ab2c9daf\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-662c9ab2c9daf\"  aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/gkscientist.com\/ac-generator-or-dynamo\/#What_is_AC_Generator\" title=\"What is AC Generator?\">What is AC Generator?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/gkscientist.com\/ac-generator-or-dynamo\/#Principle_of_AC_Generator\" title=\"Principle of AC Generator:\">Principle of AC Generator:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/gkscientist.com\/ac-generator-or-dynamo\/#Construction_of_AC_Generator\" title=\"Construction of AC Generator:\">Construction of AC Generator:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/gkscientist.com\/ac-generator-or-dynamo\/#Working_and_Theory_of_AC_Generator\" title=\"Working and Theory of AC Generator:\">Working and Theory of AC Generator:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_is_AC_Generator\"><\/span>What is AC Generator?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>It is a device, which produces alternating current energy from mechanical energy. The generator was originally designed by <strong><em>N. Tesla.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Principle_of_AC_Generator\"><\/span>Principle of AC Generator:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>AC Generator is based on the phenomenon of&nbsp;<strong><em>electromagnetic induction<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;i.e. when the magnetic flux is linked with coil changes, an induced EMF is produced in the coil. The direction of induced EMF produced is given by&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/gkscientist.com\/flemings-left-and-right-hand-rule\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong><em>Fleming\u2019s Right-Hand Rule<\/em><\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-duotone-0693e3-ffffff-1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"447\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/gkscientist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Dynamo-or-AC-Generator.png?resize=447%2C450&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Dynamo or AC Generator\" class=\"wp-image-93331\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/gkscientist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Dynamo-or-AC-Generator.png?w=447&amp;ssl=1 447w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/gkscientist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Dynamo-or-AC-Generator.png?resize=298%2C300&amp;ssl=1 298w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/gkscientist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Dynamo-or-AC-Generator.png?resize=150%2C151&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/gkscientist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Dynamo-or-AC-Generator.png?resize=65%2C65&amp;ssl=1 65w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/gkscientist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Dynamo-or-AC-Generator.png?resize=96%2C96&amp;ssl=1 96w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 447px) 100vw, 447px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Construction_of_AC_Generator\"><\/span>Construction of AC Generator:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>An AC Generator consists of the following parts-<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(1)&nbsp;<strong><em>Armature-<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;ABCD is rectangular armature coil. It consists of a large number of turns of insulated copper wire bounded over a soft iron core.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(2)&nbsp;<strong><em>Field Magnets-<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;N and S are the pole pieces of a strong electromagnet. The armature coil is rotated between the pole pieces N and S.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(4) <strong><em>Split Rings-<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;R<sub>1<\/sub>&nbsp;and R<sub>2<\/sub>&nbsp;are called split rings. The ends of the armature coil are connected with them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(4)&nbsp;<strong><em>Brushes-<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;B<sub>1<\/sub>&nbsp;and B<sub>2<\/sub>&nbsp;are two brushes. They are fixed and kept in light contact with R<sub>1<\/sub>&nbsp;and R<sub>2<\/sub>. The purpose of the brushes is to pass on current from the armature coil to the external load resistance R.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Working_and_Theory_of_AC_Generator\"><\/span>Working and Theory of AC Generator:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>When the armature coil is rotated in the magnetic field, magnetic flux linked with the coil changes, and hence induced EMF is produced in the coil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To start with, suppose the plane of the coil is perpendicular to the plane of the paper, with side AB at the front and side CD at the back. Now as the coil is rotated anticlockwise, AB moves inwards and CD moves outwards. Due to this, rotation of the coil, magnetic flux linked with the coil changes, and hence induced current are produced in the coil. According to Fleming\u2019s Right-Hand Rule, the direction of current inside AB is from A to B and the direction of current inside CD is from C to D. Also, the direction of current through external resistance R is from <strong><em>Y to X<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>After half the rotation, the side AB is at the back and the side CD is at the front. Now, as the coil is rotated further in an anticlockwise direction, CD moves inwards and AB moves outwards. Due to this rotation of the coil, magnetic flux linked with the coil changes, and hence induced current is produced in the coil. According to Fleming\u2019s Right-Hand Rule, the direction of induced current inside CD is from D to C and the direction of current inside AB is from B to A. Also, the direction of current through external resistance R is from <strong><em>X to Y<\/em><\/strong>, and so on.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hence the induced current in the external resistance R changes direction after every half rotation of the coil. Hence induced current produced is alternating in nature. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>Let N = Number of turns of the coil<br>A = Area of each turn of coil<br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"280\" height=\"43\" class=\"wp-image-93259\" style=\"width: 280px;\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/gkscientist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Strength-of-magnetic-field-e1663775383531.png?resize=280%2C43&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Strength of magnetic field\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/gkscientist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Strength-of-magnetic-field-e1663775383531.png?w=336&amp;ssl=1 336w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/gkscientist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Strength-of-magnetic-field-e1663775383531.png?resize=300%2C46&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/gkscientist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Strength-of-magnetic-field-e1663775383531.png?resize=150%2C23&amp;ssl=1 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 280px) 100vw, 280px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"550\" height=\"33\" class=\"wp-image-93264\" style=\"width: 550px;\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/gkscientist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/angle-which-normal-to-the-coil-makes-with-magnetic-field.png?resize=550%2C33&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"angle which normal to the coil makes with magnetic field\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/gkscientist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/angle-which-normal-to-the-coil-makes-with-magnetic-field.png?w=628&amp;ssl=1 628w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/gkscientist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/angle-which-normal-to-the-coil-makes-with-magnetic-field.png?resize=300%2C18&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/gkscientist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/angle-which-normal-to-the-coil-makes-with-magnetic-field.png?resize=150%2C9&amp;ssl=1 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 550px) 100vw, 550px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><br><br>We know magnetic flux linked with coil is given by<br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"46\" class=\"wp-image-93267\" style=\"width: 150px;\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/gkscientist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/magnetic-flux-linked-with-coil.png?resize=150%2C46&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"magnetic flux linked with coil\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/gkscientist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/magnetic-flux-linked-with-coil.png?w=155&amp;ssl=1 155w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/gkscientist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/magnetic-flux-linked-with-coil.png?resize=150%2C46&amp;ssl=1 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><br>\u21d2 \u03a6 = NBA cos \u03b8<br>\u21d2 \u03a6 = NBA cos&nbsp;<em>\u03c9<\/em>t [where \u03b8 =&nbsp;<em>\u03c9<\/em>t]<br><br>According to Faraday\u2019s 2nd law of Electromagnetic Induction,<br>e = \u2013 d\u03a6\/dt<br>\u21d2 e = \u2013 d (NBA cos&nbsp;<em>\u03c9<\/em>t)\/dt<br>\u21d2 e = -NBA [d (cos&nbsp;<em>\u03c9<\/em>t)\/dt]<br>\u21d2 e = -NBA [-<em>\u03c9<\/em>&nbsp;sin&nbsp;<em>\u03c9<\/em>t]<br>\u21d2 e = NBA&nbsp;<em>\u03c9<\/em>&nbsp;sin&nbsp;<em>\u03c9<\/em>t<br><br>But NBA<em>\u03c9<\/em>&nbsp;= e<sub>0<\/sub>&nbsp;= Maximum value of induced EMF<br>\u21d2&nbsp;<strong><em>e = e<sub>0<\/sub>&nbsp;sin \u03c9t<\/em><\/strong><br><br>Also, the variation of induced EMF with time is shown in fig.<br><br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"373\" class=\"wp-image-93333\" style=\"width: 700px;\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/gkscientist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/An-alternating-emf-is-generated-by-a-loop-of-wire-rotating-in-a-magnetic-field..jpg?resize=700%2C373&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"An alternating emf is generated by a loop of wire rotating in a magnetic field.\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/gkscientist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/An-alternating-emf-is-generated-by-a-loop-of-wire-rotating-in-a-magnetic-field..jpg?w=581&amp;ssl=1 581w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/gkscientist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/An-alternating-emf-is-generated-by-a-loop-of-wire-rotating-in-a-magnetic-field..jpg?resize=300%2C160&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/gkscientist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/An-alternating-emf-is-generated-by-a-loop-of-wire-rotating-in-a-magnetic-field..jpg?resize=150%2C80&amp;ssl=1 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><br><br>Also, we know<br>I = e\/R<br>\u21d2 I = e<sub>0<\/sub>&nbsp;sin&nbsp;<em>\u03c9<\/em>t\/R<br>Put e<sub>0<\/sub>\/R = I<sub>0<\/sub>&nbsp;= Maximum value of current<br>\u21d2&nbsp;<strong><em>I = I<sub>0<\/sub>&nbsp;sin \u03c9t<\/em><\/strong><br>This is current produced in AC Generator.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator aligncenter has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/gkscientist.com\/dc-generator-or-dc-dynamo\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">DC Generator or DC Dynamo<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/gkscientist.com\/extrinsic-semiconductor\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Extrinsic Semiconductor<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/gkscientist.com\/dispersion-of-light\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Dispersion of Light<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/gkscientist.com\/torque-on-bar-magnet-in-magnetic-field\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Torque on Bar Magnet in Magnetic Field<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/gkscientist.com\/magnetic-elements-of-earth\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Magnetic Elements of Earth<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/gkscientist.com\/eddy-currents\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Eddy Currents<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1iUKB2LMxbZcvLt8ESEmYOOiZMV3YFaSo\/view?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Units, Dimensions and Vectors<\/a>\u2013 NIOS<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What is AC Generator? It is a device, which produces alternating current energy from mechanical energy. The generator was originally designed by N. Tesla. Principle of AC Generator: AC Generator is based on the phenomenon of&nbsp;electromagnetic induction&nbsp;i.e. when the magnetic flux is linked with coil changes, an induced EMF is produced in the coil. The direction of induced EMF produced is given by&nbsp;Fleming\u2019s Right-Hand Rule. Construction of AC Generator: An AC Generator consists of the following parts- (1)&nbsp;Armature-&nbsp;ABCD is rectangular armature coil. It consists of a large number of turns of insulated copper wire bounded over a soft iron core. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":93336,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5895],"tags":[7249,7248,7247,7250],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/gkscientist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Simple-AC-Generator.jpg?fit=500%2C250&ssl=1","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gkscientist.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/93292"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gkscientist.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gkscientist.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gkscientist.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gkscientist.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=93292"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/gkscientist.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/93292\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gkscientist.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/93336"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gkscientist.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=93292"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gkscientist.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=93292"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gkscientist.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=93292"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}