Chemical Coordination in Plants:- Plants do not have a nervous system but they coordinate their activities by means of some chemicals called the plant hormones or phytohormones. Depending upon the effect on plants growth, phytohormones have been grouped into following categories- Growth Promoters – These are the phytohormones which stimulate the growth of the plants.
Nervous System – The nervous system receives information about external & internal changes, communicates the information to different parts of the body & coordinates the activities of the different organs & organ systems. The nervous system includes the following parts- brain, spinal cord, nerves & the five sense organs namely eyes, ears, nose, tongue &
Blood – is an important fluid connective tissue & consists of two components – fluid part called plasma & cells called formed elements. Formed elements are of three types – Red blood corpuscles , white blood corpuscles & blood platelets. Plasma – Plasma is a faint yellow coloured, homogenous, non-living, slightly alkaline viscous fluid part of
(a) The Indus System- Indus – also known as sindhu. Westernmost Himalayan river. Originate from a glacier near Bokhar chu in Tibet region. it enters India in the ladakh district of J&K. Mountain range – Kailash. in Tibet, Indus is known as Singi Khamban or Lion’s mouth. Several tributaries like the Zaskar, the Nubra, the
The process of digestion involves intake of the food (Ingestion), breakdown of the food into micromolecules (Digestion), absorption of these molecules into the blood stream (Absorption), the absorbed substances becoming components of cells (Assimilation) and elimination of the undigested substances (Egestion). Digestive system includes the alimentary canal and associated digestive glands. 1:- Alimentary Canal or
Nutrition :- Food is required by all the living beings to survive. Food contains various nutrients. The process by which the food is obtained and considered by living organism to get energy and various other materials for the growth, repair, development and maintenance of the various body parts is called nutrition. Modes or Types
The founder of the Gupta dynasty was Sri Gupta. He was succeeded by Ghatokacha. These two were called Maharajas. Chandragupta I (320-330 A.D.):- Was the first independent ruler & called himself ‘Maharajadhiraja‘ (the great king of kings). Married the Lichchavi Princess, Kumaradevi, which was politically very strategic for Gupta empire. He is considered to be
The land South of Krishna River was divided into three kingdoms – Cheras, Cholas & Pandyas. There was continuous warfare between the three. Cheras – Emblem – Bow & Arrow. Capital – Vanji or Karur (modern Kerala). Port – Muzris (most famous), Tondi, Bandar. The cheras dynasty was known as “Keralaputras” in the Ashoka’s inscription.
Indo-Greeks:- Demetrius was the first foreign king after Alexander who carried Greek army into India about 190 B.C. & conquered North Western part of the Mauryan Empire. Most famous among Indo-Greek rulers was Menander who reached Pataliputra. His capital was Sakala or Sialkot. He was converted to Buddhism by Nagasena or Nagarjuna & their conversation
Chandragupta Maurya (321-297 B.C.):- Called as Sandrocottus by the Greeks. Finding signs of royalty in him, Chanakya or Vishnu Gupta or Kautilya, brought him up got him educated at Taxila. At the young age of 25, dethroned the last Nanda ruler (Dhanananda) & occupied Pataliputra in 321 B.C. with the help of Kautilya. Fought Seleukos
