The origin of the Indian sub-continent is the culmination of the action and interaction of two land blocks and a narrow and shallow sea. Geologists say that thousands of years before, the areas of the present Himalayas and the Great plains were occupied by a sea named the Tethys. Angara Shield was in its north and Gondwana land to its south. Numerous rivers from the Angara Shield flowed into the shallow trough of the sea called geosyncline. They deposited debris in it and this process continued for thousands of years. Sediments of debris formed one after another into thousands of metres thickness.
The Gondwana land, in course of time, broke up and its northern portion moved towards the north. Angara Shield remained stable and motionless. This activity caused folds in the geosyncline of the Tethys sea. Vertical endogenous processes lifted these folds up. This process continued to operate for thousands of years and the folds turned into high mountains named the Himalayas.
During the process, there remained a ditch between the Gondwana land and the Himalayas. Rivers from the Himalayas flowed into the vast ditch and filled it with debris. In course of time, it got fully filled and turned into huge plains. Thus, the Great plains came into being.
The middle portion of the Gondwana land led to the formation of the Great Plateau. Then south of Gondwana land the Indian ocean got formed. In between the ocean and the Great Plateau, coastal plains were formed by the emergence activity of the endogenous forces. Truly, the story of the Indian Sub-continent is the story of the action and interaction of Angara Shield and Gondwana land.
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