Wilson Fourteen Points

Wilson Fourteen Points:

Main Points of the Fourteen Point Programme:

The American President, Woodrow Wilson put forward a peace programme in January, 1918. It is known in history as the Fourteen-Point Programme of Wilson. Its main points are given below-

  • In future, the treaties should not be concluded secretly, but openly.
  • Oceanic navigation should be freely allowed to all countries.
  • Military armaments should be reduced.
  • Belgium should be liberated.
  • Alsace and Lorraine should be restored to France.
  • Right of colonies should be amicably decided.
  • The countries, captured by Germany should be freed.
  • Some international organizations should be set up to safeguard the independence of all the countries of the world.

The points covered by the peace treaties:

The following points out of the Fourteen Point Programme of Wilson were covered by the peace treaties that were signed after the First World War-

  • Belgium was evacuated by Germany and was declared free.
  • Alsace and Lorraine were restored to France.
  • Many petty states like Finland, Poland, Yugoslavia and Czechoslovakia were created on the principle of nationalism.
  • The League of Nations was established to maintain peace in the world.

The points not covered by the peace treaties:

The following points out of the Fourteen Point Programme of Wilson were not covered by the peace treaties that were signed after the First World War-

  • The point of disarmament was quite ignored. No doubt that the military power of the conquered countries was considerably reduced, but the victor countries did not get ready to put the point of disarmament into practice. They refused point-blank to reduce their military power.
  • Britain declined to forgo her claim over the seas.
  • The terms and conditions of the peace treaties were forcibly imposed by the victorious countries upon the defeated nations. They have not settled amicably. Hence many peace treatises proved to be very harsh and paved the ground for the Second World War.
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