The following are the difference between Mitosis and Meiosis-
Mitosis
Meiosis
It takes place in somatic cells.
It takes place in the reproductive cells (testes and ovaries).
It produces two daughter cells with same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
It produces four daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
The daughter cells are similar to the parent cell qualitatively and quantitatively.
The daughter cells are different from their parent cell qualitatively.
It is responsible for growth and development of an organism.
It is responsible for reproduction of an organism.
Its prophase is of short duration.
Its prophase is of long duration and is sub-divided into sub-stages.
No pairing of chromosomes takes place.
Pairing of homologous chromosomes (one maternal and one paternal) occurs.
No crossing over and chiasmata formation takes place.
Crossing over and chiasmata formation takes place for exchange of hereditary materials.
During metaphase, the centromeres of individual chromosomes lie exactly on an equatorial plane and their arms towards the poles.
During metaphase I, the centromeres are lined up in two planes which are parallel to each other. Centromeres face towards the poles and their arms are directed toward the equator.
During anaphase, division of centromeres occur and chromatids of the chromosomes separate and move towards the poles.
During anaphase I, the centromeres does not divide into two. The chromosomes of homologous pairs separate and move towards opposite poles.
The telophase is of universal occurrence and is followed by cytoplasmic division.
The first telophase is not of universal occurrence and in meiosis, since the dividing may directly pass from anaphase to 2nd prophase.
The time taken for the mitotic division is much shorter than meiotic division.
The time taken for the meiotic division is much longer than mitotic division.
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