GK SCIENTIST

General Knowledge One Stop Source
Menu
  • Home
  • Social Science
    • History
    • Political Science
    • Geography
  • Science
    • Physics
    • Chemistry
    • Biology
  • Chemistry Notes
  • Mathematics
  • Computer
  • Tutorial MySQL
  • Tutorial Python
  • Java Tutorial
  • English Grammar
  • English Essay
  • Indian Anthropology
  • Philosophy
  • Solved Paper
  • UPSC
  • Current Content
    • Current Affairs
    • RSTV News
    • Yojana and Kurukshetra Gist
  • Donate
  • Contact Us

If you are interested in advertising to our audience, submit the advertising enquiry form.

Advertising Enquiry
Physics

Q Value of a Nuclear Reaction

Gk Scientist July 25, 2022 No Comments
Tweet WhatsApp Telegram

Q Value of a Nuclear Reaction:

The energy released or absorbed during a nuclear reaction is called the Q value of the reaction.

OR

The quantitative analysis of any nuclear reaction in terms of masses and energies of reactants (target and projectile) and products (product nucleus and outgoing particle) is called the Q value of the reaction.

Consider a typical nuclear reaction-

X + x ———-> Y + y

Where, X = Target Nucleus
x = Projectile
Y = Product Nucleus
y = Outgoing Particle

Let MX, mx, MY, my and EX, Ex, EY and Ey be the masses and kinetic energies of the target, projectile, product nucleus and outgoing particle respectively.

We know that the total energy is the sum of rest mass energy and kinetic energy. But for the target nucleus, the total energy is not only rest mass energy (MX c2) because it is assumed to be at rest (EX = 0).

∴ According to the Law of Conservation of Energy, we can write,

MX c2 + (mx c2 + Ex) = (MY c2 + EY)+ (my c2 + Ey)
or (EY + Ey) – Ex = [(MX + mx) – (MY + my)] c2
or Q = (EY + Ey) – Ex
⇒ Q = [(MX + mx) – (MY + my)] c2

Case I: If (EY + Ey) > Ex ⇒ (MX + mx) > (MY + my) i.e. Q has a positive value, thus energy is released and the reactions are exothermic or exoergic.

Case II: If Ex > (EY + Ey) ⇒ (MY + my) > (MX + mx) i.e. Q has negative value and energy is absorbed, thus reactions are endothermic or endoergic.

Case III: If Ex = (EY + Ey) ⇒ (MX + mx) = (MY + my) i.e. Q has zero value and there is no release or absorption of energy, i.e. elastic collision.

Define Nuclear Cross-Section:

The nuclear cross-section is a measure of the probability that a collision will occur in a nuclear interaction i.e. (measure of probability of nuclear reaction). It is denoted by σ and is given as-

σ = R/R0Anx

Where, R = Rate at which collision events occur with target nuclei
R0 = Rate at which incident particles strike the foil.
n = number of target nuclei/unit volume.
x = width of target foil.

“σ” is expressed in units of a bar.
1 bar = 10-28 m2

Betatron- Principle, Construction, Working & Betatron ConditionDerivation of Relationship Between Normality and Molarity
Nuclear Reactor- Construction, Working and UsesDerivation of Relationship Between Molality and Mole Fraction
Nuclear Overhauser EffectSolid Solution
Four Factor FormulaAtoms, Molecules and Chemical Arithmetic– NIOS
Prev Article
Next Article

Related Articles

Eddy Currents- Definition, Prevention and Applications
What are Eddy Currents? Eddy currents are the currents induced …
Gk Scientist May 31, 2022 Physics

Eddy Currents- Definition, Prevention and Applications

Applications of Electrolysis
Applications of Electrolysis: The process of decomposition of electrolyte solution …
Gk Scientist April 14, 2021 Physics

Applications of Electrolysis

Extrinsic Semiconductor
Extrinsic Semiconductor: Definition- A semi-conductor with suitable impurity atoms added …
Gk Scientist June 19, 2022 Physics

Extrinsic Semiconductor

Young’s Double Slit Experiment
Young’s Double Slit Experiment: The earliest demonstration of interference of …
Gk Scientist September 23, 2022 Physics

Young’s Double Slit Experiment

Terms Connected with Wave Motion
Terms Connected with Wave Motion: (1) Amplitude- The amplitude of …
Gk Scientist September 28, 2022 Physics

Terms Connected with Wave Motion

Short Note on Bragg’s Law
Short Note on Bragg’s Law: (1) Consider a series of …
Gk Scientist July 27, 2022 Physics

Short Note on Bragg’s Law

Resolving Power of Grating
Resolving Power Definition: The separation between two objects which are …
Gk Scientist July 27, 2022 Physics

Resolving Power of Grating

Dispersive Power of Grating
Dispersive Power of Grating: The angular spacing between any two …
Gk Scientist July 27, 2022 Physics

Dispersive Power of Grating

Leave a Reply Cancel Reply

Search




  • Popular
  • Recent




GK SCIENTIST

General Knowledge One Stop Source

Information

  • About Us
  • Terms and Condition, Disclaimer
  • Contact Us

Android Apps

  • IAS App For English Medium Students
  • IAS Basics App For English Medium Students
  • IAS Hindi App For Hindi Medium Students
DMCA.com Protection Status

Popular Tags

Biology (33) Biology Questions (88) Chemistry (57) Computer (211) Current Affairs (4) Current Content (0) Economy (9) English Essay (172) English Grammar (75) English Literature (10) Geography (83) History (259) Indian Anthropology (11) Indian Polity (14) JKAS Mains Question Papers (17) Mathematics (68) Moral Science (7) NCERT & Other Boards Books (25) Philosophy (114) Physics (89) Political Science (132) RS TV News (33) Science (553) Social Anthropology (7) Social Science (17) Solved Paper (47) UPSC (7) UPSC Mains Question Papers (26)

Downloads

  • NCERT Books
  • Old NCERT Books
  • NIOS Books For IAS, SSC, and State PSC Exam
  • Tamil Nadu Board Books: Important For UPSC, SSC, and State PSC Exam
  • Modern Indian and World History Notes For IAS Exam
  • UPSC Topper 2013 Gaurav Agrawal Notes For IAS Preparation
  • UPSC IAS Prelims General Studies – Previous Year Papers
  • UPSC Mains Question Papers

Copyright © 2023 GK SCIENTIST
Theme by MyThemeShop.com& Hosted On Cloudways