Transformation of Active into Passive Voice:
(1) Indefinite Tenses- Present, Past and Future:
| Active | Passive |
|---|---|
| She sings sweet songs. (Present Indefinite) | Sweet songs are sung by her. |
| Does he do his duties honestly? (Present Indefinite) | Are his duties done by him honestly? |
| They feared no fall. (Past Indefinite) | No fall was feared by them. |
| Did he mend his ways? (Past Indefinite) | Were his ways mended by him? |
| She will sacrifice her life for her country. (Future Indefinite) | Her life will be sacrificed by her for her country. |
| Will he do you a favour? (Future Indefinite) | Will a favour be done to you by him? |
(2) Continuous Tenses- Present and Past:
| Active | Passive |
|---|---|
| She is playing on harmonium. (Present Continuous) | Harmonium is being played on by her. |
| Are they firing guns? (Present Continuous) | Are guns being fired by them? |
| They were drawing pictures. (Past Continuous) | Pictures were being drawn by them. |
| Were they driving their vehicles? (Past Continuous) | Were their vehicles being driven by them? |
(3) Perfect Tense- Present, Past and Future:
| Active | Passive |
|---|---|
| I have obliged him. (Present Perfect) | He has been obliged by me. |
| Has he paid back his debt? (Present Perfect) | Has his debt been paid back by him? |
| She had done it long before. (Past Perfect) | It had been done by her long before. |
| Had he already done the sum? (Past Perfect) | Had the sum been done by him already? |
| We shall have invited him to tea. (Future Perfect) | He will have been invited to tea by us. |
| Will you have shown respect to your elders? (Future Perfect) | Will respect have been shown to your elders by you? |
(4) Use of can, could, may, might, should, would, must in transfer of Voices:
| Active | Passive |
|---|---|
| Can you do this sum? | Can this sum be done by you? |
| I could defeat him in wrestling. | He could be defeated by me in wrestling. |
| You may do whatever you like. | Whatever you like can be done by you. |
| He might have broken the slate. | The slate might have been broken by him. |
| You should do it. | It should be done by you. |
| You must listen to your teacher. | Your teacher must be listened to by you. |
(5) Conversion of Voice (Imperative Sentences):
| Active | Passive |
|---|---|
| Post this letter at once. | Let this letter be posted at once. |
| Do not stare at the sun. | Let not sun be stared at. |
| Please help me. | You are requetsed to help me. |
| Kindly help the poor and the needy. | You are requeted to help the poor and the needy. |
| Let him have his ways. | Let his ways be had by him. |
(6) Change of Voice (sentences beginning with ‘who’ and ‘whom’):
| Active | Passive |
|---|---|
| Who did it? | By whom was it done? |
| Who does not know it? | By whom is it not known? |
| Whom are you speaking to? | Who is being spoken to by you? |
| Whom have you helped? | Who has been helped by you? |
(7) Conversion of Active into Passive voice when the former has Infinitives or Prepositions:
| Active | Passive |
|---|---|
| It is time to play games. | It is time for games to be played. |
| Leaders like men to flatter them. | Leaders like to be flattered by men. |
| They want to have tea. | They want tea to be had. |
| She knocked at the door. | The door was knocked at by her. |
| She is playing on harmonium. | Harmonium is being played on by her. |
(8) Conversion of Active into Passive Voice (Miscellaneous where ‘by’ is not used before Object):
| Active | Passive |
|---|---|
| Sugar tastes sweet. | Sugar is sweet when tasted. |
| Do you know him? | Is he known to you? |
| The pot contains milk. | Milk is contained in the pot. |
| His behaviour pleased me. | I was pleased at his behaviour. |
| This job disgusted me. | I was disgusted with this job. |
| My grandson’s result does not satisfy me. | I am not satisfied with the result of may grandson. |
| The rose smells sweet. | The rose is sweet when smelt. |
| They say truth fears no fall. | It is said that truth fears no fall. |
